{"id":62554,"date":"2024-06-28T14:39:41","date_gmt":"2024-06-28T12:39:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fiftyandmemagazine.be\/fr\/?p=62554"},"modified":"2024-06-28T14:40:52","modified_gmt":"2024-06-28T12:40:52","slug":"quest-ce-que-la-sarcopenie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fiftyandmemagazine.be\/fr\/sante\/quest-ce-que-la-sarcopenie","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u2019est-ce que la sarcop\u00e9nie ?"},"content":{"rendered":"Reading Time: <\/span> 2<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>

La cinquantaine venue, le vieillissement naturel s\u2019accompagne d\u2019une fonte musculaire et d\u2019une perte de force. Un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne provoqu\u00e9 par un d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre entre la prot\u00e9osynth\u00e8se et la prot\u00e9olyse, ou, dit plus simplement, la construction et la destruction de la masse musculaire. Pour les femmes m\u00e9nopaus\u00e9es, cette diminution de la masse musculaire intervient \u00e0 des degr\u00e9s divers. Quand le seuil normal est d\u00e9pass\u00e9, les m\u00e9decins parlent alors de sarcop\u00e9nie. Des solutions de pr\u00e9vention existent.<\/p>\n

La sarcop\u00e9nie, de quoi s\u2019agit-il\u00a0?<\/h2>\n

La sarcop\u00e9nie peut se d\u00e9finir comme une perte progressive et \u00e9lev\u00e9e de la masse, de la force et de la fonction musculaires provoqu\u00e9e par le vieillissement naturel. Une d\u00e9finition du groupe European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement adopt\u00e9e. Cette fonte musculaire s\u2019amorce d\u00e8s la trentaine pour s\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer \u00e0 50 ou 60 ans. A 70 ans, la perte moyenne est estim\u00e9e \u00e0 50 % de la masse musculaire (1). Une sarcop\u00e9nie dite primaire quand elle a l\u2019\u00e2ge comme origine. Et dite secondaire quand elle d\u00e9coule de facteurs pathologiques, nutritionnels ou li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019immobilit\u00e9. La sarcop\u00e9nie toucherait quelque 30% des femmes de plus de 65 ans selon une \u00e9tude europ\u00e9enne publi\u00e9e en 2017. La m\u00eame \u00e9tude souligne que la sarcop\u00e9nie va progresser en Europe pour atteindre 12,9 % des personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es en 2045, contre 11,1% en 2016 (1)<\/p>\n

Comment savoir si l\u2019on souffre de sarcop\u00e9nie\u00a0?<\/h2>\n

Comment un m\u00e9decin pose-t-il son diagnostic\u00a0?\u00a0 Par la pratique de certains tests effectu\u00e9s. Comme la mesure de la force de pr\u00e9hension, mais aussi le calcul de la vitesse de marche et du temps n\u00e9cessaire pour se lever ou effectuer quelques exercices simples. A titre pr\u00e9ventif, un test annuel est recommand\u00e9 pour les personnes de plus de 50 ans. (2)<\/p>\n

Comment prot\u00e9ger sa masse musculaire\u00a0?<\/h2>\n

Adopter une bonne hygi\u00e8ne de vie avec la pratique r\u00e9guli\u00e8re d\u2019activit\u00e9s physiques peut aider \u00e0 ralentir la fonte musculaire. Mais quels sont les sports conseill\u00e9s pour r\u00e9duire les risques de sarcop\u00e9nie\u00a0? David Moens, coach sportif r\u00e9pond\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Il convient de m\u00e9langer deux types d\u2019exercices. Des sports d\u2019endurance comme la marche rapide, le v\u00e9lo ou la natation, mais aussi, et surtout, des exercices qui impliquent de la r\u00e9sistance, comme des accessoires d\u2019\u00e9lastiques \u00e0 \u00e9tirer ou des halt\u00e8res adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 sa morphologie. Des s\u00e9ances de minimum trois heures par semaine<\/em>.\u00a0\u00bb
\nDes s\u00e9ances r\u00e9guli\u00e8res pratiqu\u00e9es sur plusieurs mois permettraient de r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer de 20 \u00e0 30% de sa masse musculaire. (3)
\nUne action pr\u00e9ventive ax\u00e9e aussi sur l\u2019alimentation, \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e et suffisante. Avec la prise de prot\u00e9ines \u00e0 concurrence d\u2019environ 1 g de prot\u00e9ines par kg de poids corporel f\u00e9minin, des fruits et l\u00e9gumes pour un apport en antioxydants et des aliments riches en calcium et vitamine D pour la bonne sant\u00e9 des os. (3)<\/p>\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rences\u00a0:<\/p>\n

1 Cruz-Jentoft A et a.l Sarcopenia : european consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age and aging 2010 ;39 :412-23 2 Cooper C et al. Tools in the assessment of sarcopenia. Calcif Tissue Int. 2013 ;93(3):201-10<\/p>\n

2\u00a0. https:\/\/www.mysprintt.eu\/fr\/la-future-pr-valence-de-la-sarcop-nie-en-europe-une-demande-de-mesures-de-sant-publique<\/a><\/p>\n

3<\/a><\/span>. <\/span>Boirie Y. Physiopathological mechanism of sarcopenia. J Nutr Health Aging. oct 2009;13(8):717\u2011723<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a9 Illustration : Shutterstock<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Reading Time: <\/span> 2<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>La cinquantaine venue, le vieillissement naturel s\u2019accompagne d\u2019une fonte musculaire […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":62562,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1065],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sante"],"yoast_head":"\nQu\u2019est-ce que la sarcop\u00e9nie ? - Fifty & Me MAGAZINE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne naturel l\u2019\u00e2ge aidant, la masse musculaire tend \u00e0 fondre. 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